The structural design of systems that centralise resource movement upward and outward, creating asymmetrical flows of value, labour, and material benefit.

The patterned movement of labour, capital, materials, and energy through extraction systems, including bottlenecks, siphons, leakages, and capture mechanisms.

The distributed harms, risks, and system-wide pressures produced by extraction processes— often displaced onto communities, labour, ecosystems, or future generations.

The mechanisms through which wealth, decision-making power, and strategic resources become consolidated within small nodes of the system, reducing distributive balance.

Critical points where extraction surpasses system capacity—triggering instability, depletion, or collapse across ecological, labour, or organisational domains.

Approaches that reallocate resources, decentralise control, repair extraction impacts, and restore equilibrium by shifting systems from depletion toward regeneration.